The crime of sexual exploitation of children via electronic means and the provisions of criminal liability for it in Jordanian legislation

Abstract

This study aims to examine one of the most critical emerging cybercrimes: the sexual exploitation of children over the Internet. It provides an in-depth analysis of its legal nature, procedural characteristics, and the behavioral patterns of its perpetrators. The research explores the criminological concept of sexual exploiters and the specialized roles within this illicit system—ranging from consumers and promoters to producers and groomers. It highlights how these acts have evolved from isolated individual offenses into organized, transnational criminal enterprises driven by unlawful financial gain. Additionally, the study addresses the psychological and legal dimensions associated with pedophilia, examining how perpetrators utilize encrypted and closed online networks to exchange materials and techniques. It emphasizes the key technical characteristics of cybercrimes targeting children, including anonymity, ease of execution, and reliance on psychological grooming rather than direct physical force. The study concludes with key findings underscoring the inadequacy of traditional legal frameworks in confronting digital exploitation, offering practical and legislative recommendations to close statutory loopholes, enhance digital forensics, and strengthen international judicial and security cooperation to safeguard children's rights and human dignity.